XML: Validation file XML bởi XSD chạy bằng DOM và SAX ~ Thế Giới Giải Mã

Ở ví dụ này chúng ta chỉ validate bằng XSD không validate bằng DTD.

Chạy hàm main bằng Argument args[] truyền 2 file sinhvien.xml và sinhvien.xsd

XSD validate những cái gì ?

XSD kiểm tra dữ liệu nhập vào có đúng kiểu khai báo hay không.
VD int, string, double, float, boolean ...

Cách khai báo internal or external DTD và XSD trong file XML [Xem]

Tìm hiểu về DTD và XSD [Xem]

sinhvien.xml

Java XML 2016

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<aptech>
    <sinhvien id="01">    
        <masv>sv01</masv>
        <hoten>sinh vien 1</hoten>
        <tuoi>12</tuoi>
        <dtb>6.5</dtb>
        <ngaysinh>1881-04-20</ngaysinh>
    </sinhvien>
</aptech>

sinhvien.xsd

Java XML 2016

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<xsd:schema version="1.0"
            xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
            elementFormDefault="qualified">
   
    <xsd:element name="aptech">
        <xsd:complexType>
            <xsd:sequence>
                <xsd:element ref="sinhvien" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
            </xsd:sequence>
        </xsd:complexType>
    </xsd:element>
    
    <xsd:element name="sinhvien">
        <xsd:complexType>
            <xsd:sequence>
                <xsd:element name="masv" type="xsd:string"></xsd:element>
                <xsd:element name="hoten" type="xsd:string"></xsd:element>
                <xsd:element name="tuoi" type="xsd:int"></xsd:element>
                <xsd:element name="dtb" type="xsd:double"></xsd:element>
                <xsd:element name="ngaysinh" type="xsd:date"></xsd:element>
            </xsd:sequence>
            <xsd:attribute name="id" type="xsd:string" use="required" />
        </xsd:complexType>
    </xsd:element>

</xsd:schema>

ValidationDOM.java

Java XML 2016

package validatorxsd_p2;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.logging.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;
import javax.xml.transform.Source;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
import javax.xml.validation.*;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.xml.sax.*;

/**
 *
 * @author Lonely
 */
public class ValidationDOM {
    
    public void validateDom(String xmlFile, String xsdFile) {
        try {
            DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
            factory.setValidating(false);
            factory.setNamespaceAware(true);

            SchemaFactory schemaFactory = SchemaFactory.newInstance("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema");
            factory.setSchema(schemaFactory.newSchema(new Source[]{
                new StreamSource("src\\database\\" + xsdFile)
            }));

            DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
            builder.setErrorHandler(new MyErrorHandler());
            Document document = builder.parse(new InputSource("src\\database\\" + xmlFile));

        } catch (SAXException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ValidationDOM.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (ParserConfigurationException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ValidationDOM.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ValidationDOM.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
    }
}

ValidationSAX.java

Java XML 2016

package validatorxsd_p2;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.logging.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;
import javax.xml.transform.Source;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
import javax.xml.validation.SchemaFactory;
import org.xml.sax.*;

/**
 *
 * @author Lonely
 */
public class ValidationSAX {

    public void validateSax(String xmlFile, String xsdFile) {
        try {
            SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
            factory.setValidating(false);
            factory.setNamespaceAware(true);

            SchemaFactory schemaFactory = SchemaFactory.newInstance("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema");
            factory.setSchema(schemaFactory.newSchema(
                    new Source[]{new StreamSource("src\\database\\" + xsdFile)
                    }));

            SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser();
            XMLReader reader = parser.getXMLReader();
            reader.setErrorHandler(new MyErrorHandler());
            reader.parse(new InputSource("src\\database\\" + xmlFile));

        } catch (SAXException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ValidationSAX.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (ParserConfigurationException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ValidationSAX.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ValidationSAX.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
    }
}

MyErrorHandler.java

Java XML 2016

package validatorxsd_p2;

import org.xml.sax.*;

public class MyErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

    @Override
    public void warning(SAXParseException e) throws SAXException {
        System.out.print("Warning at line " + e.getLineNumber() + ": ");
        System.out.println(e.getMessage());
    }

    @Override
    public void error(SAXParseException e) throws SAXException {
        System.out.print("Error at line " + e.getLineNumber() + ": ");
        System.out.println(e.getMessage());
    }

    @Override
    public void fatalError(SAXParseException e) throws SAXException {
        System.out.print("Fatal error at line " + e.getLineNumber() + ": ");
        System.out.println(e.getMessage());
    }
}

Main.java

Java XML 2016

package validatorxsd_p2;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ValidationDOM d = new ValidationDOM();
        d.validateDom(args[0] , args[1]);
        
        ValidationSAX v1 = new ValidationSAX();
        v1.validateSax(args[0] , args[1]);
    }
}

Tiếp theo ta sẽ chạy project này bằng Arguments truyền hai tham số vàoargs[0] và args[1] như sau:
B1: Đặt con trỏ vào tên project và click chuột phải